The powers of the Commission fall into two categories: Legislative initiative and executive. Having the power to propose new laws gives the Commission its legislative power. The power to enforce existing laws gives the Commission its executive power.

There are five main roles performed by the European Commission:

• Propose Legislation: Any new legislation for the EU and its citizens as a whole is drawn up by the Commission. These initiatives are then presented to the EU Parliament and the Council of the European Union (Council) for ratification.
• Implement Policies: Implementation and management of EU policies affecting EU interests as a whole. Examples include competition policy—ensuring competition between companies and between member countries—and common agricultural policy.
• Manage the Budget: With oversight by the Court of Auditors, the Commission manages and implements the budget.
• Enforce the law: With oversight by the Court of Justice, the Commission is responsible for enforcing treaties.
• Represent the EU: The Commission represents and negotiates on behalf of the EU in international forums such as the World Trade Organization and the United Nations.

Composition of the European Commission

In addition to the institutional definition of the commission which applies to the organization and its staff, the Commission also refers to the body of representatives from member states of the EU who run the organization and make the decisions.

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