William Campbell was a Kentuckian who spent several years in Missouri before continuing westward to California in 1846. Accompanying him were other Campbells, along with relatives such as the Finleys.
Valley Forefathers
The scholar Phil Norfleet has written that "in late 1846, William Campbell established a wheat farm on a 160-acre tract of land two miles south of what would become the town of Santa Clara. In late 1847, William Campbell, with the help of his sons David and Benjamin, began the construction of a sawmill along a creek, which in those days was called Arroyo Quito, and which today is called Saratoga Creek. His sawmill, completed in the fall of 1847, was only the second water-powered mill in northern California. The Spanish language contract, that gave him the right to erect the sawmill and sell the finished lumber, is the first legal document in the Santa Clara County public records." His sawmill signaled the beginning of settlement in Saratoga, which was initially named Campbell's Gap.
In 1847, the Mayor of San Jose hired William to survey a plat of land to be laid out in building lots for the town, which William did with the assistance of his brother Thomas and his son David. An 1888 book about Santa Clara County recalls: "This is the original plat of San Jose, and from this survey may be dated the existence of the city." When California achieved statehood three years later, San Jose was the capital city. Of neighboring Santa Clara, the book says: "In 1850 the town site was surveyed by William Campbell into lots a hundred yards square, and one lot given to each citizen, with the understanding that he was to build a house on it within three months: failing to do so, the lot could be taken by another."
William's son Benjamin returned to Missouri, married, and led another wagon train back to California, including more Campbells and Finleys. He purchased 160 acres southwest of San Jose, upon which he founded the town of Campbell. He brought the first railroad to the area, arranged the establishment of its first depot, Campbell Station, containing its first telegraph office, and established the community's first post office in his own home. He used and rented out to neighbors what he described as the only good threshing machine in California, a vast apparatus unlike anything else in the valley.
Garden of the World
The Campbells helped turn the sparsely populated grazing lands of Santa Clara County into a thriving agricultural community, whose mild climate, fertile soil, and abundant orchards earned it such titles as "The Valley of Heart's Delight" and "The Garden of the World." Nowhere in the valley more epitomized this agrarian utopia than the town of Campbell, which became known as "The Orchard City." Downtown Campbell is built around Campbell Avenue, which was originally Benjamin Campbell's driveway.
Karen Brey, curator of the Campbell Historical Museum, writes: "As early as 1887, many local orchardists began to pool their crops to sell to packers in Campbell and the Santa Clara Valley. By banding together in cooperatives, farmers found they could weather the ups and downs of a fickle economy." In 1894, the Farmers Union Grocery Store was established on Campbell Avenue, selling groceries, general merchandise, hardware, grain, and feed, guaranteeing cash refunds to anyone not fully satisfied with any product. Brey writes: "The Fruit Growers Union began in 1892 to join farmers together to help dry, pack, and market their fruit; it was completely grower-owned. The union bought a plant and a dry yard. It was so effective that it was quickly recognized as one of the most important in the valley." It had the largest drying yard in the world, and was sold to cannery workers in 1929.
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